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Current Iodine Deficiency Disorder Situation
Population
Population: 12.3 million
Population growth rate: 2.7%
Population < 15 years: 47.5%
Birth rate: 44.8 per 1000
Life expectancy at birth: 46.4 years
Infant mortality: 106.9 per 1000
Prevalence of Goiter/ UIE
Median urinary iodine: 113 mcg/L . ThyroMobil visited 10 sites, examining 1,110 children, average goiter prevalence was 22.4%, ranging from 4.0-52% (the latter in Fottigue). Of 391 urine samples, median iodine content was 113.9 mcg/L (range 0-899 mcg/L). Among the several sites, the medians ranged from low in Fottigue to 283 in Samoghoyiri. Medians in four of the 10 sites were < 100 mcg/L and two were < 50 mcg/L.
1982-1987 Regional prevalence survey in 12 Provinces/21 districts conducted by the Government. Wide range of goiter observed throughout, extending to 14 provinces. Goiter rates > 25% in Namentenga, Yatenga, Bazega and Passore. Data from Passore (1990) confirm high TGR levels with high VGR rates. In water iodization study in Bazega, TGR 57%. Urinary iodine low in earlier reports.
Iodized salt Coverage
Household iodized salt use: insufficient information.
Salt Situation Analysis Production
All salt is imported from Senegal , Mali and Ghana .
Consumption
- Estimated daily per capita salt consumption: No Data Available
- Estimated % of all salt consumed by people which is adequately iodized (household level): 22% (1996)
Iodine Procurement and Utilization
KIO3, 40 ppm (ThyroMobil, median of 10 sites); 13.3 ppm in Fottique
Universal Salt Iodization Program
Information, Education, Communication (IEC) Activities
Legislation
- Legislation: Yes, details not available
- Legislation for Animals: Not known
- Year Enacted: 1996
Program Monitoring and Evaluation
The Nutrition Division laboratory is responsible for assessing urinary iodine and thyroid hormones. No information about ongoing monitoring of people or salt.
Other Interventions
In the early 1990's, 240,000 women (0-45 years) and males and females (0-25 years) in two areas with the highest goiter prevalences (Passore and Namentenga) received iodized oil, 67% by injection.
Iodized water (Rhodefuse) covering 35,000 people in Toece, Bazega, was moderately successful, but the program has not been sustained.
Key Lessons Learned
Challenges and Constraints
ThyroMobil, of necessity, is limited to accessible areas; older data indicate low penetration of iodized salt. The country urgently needs updated information. Special attention should be directed at the quality of the salt imported from Senegal , Mali , and Ghana
Future Plans for Sustained IDD Elimination
Sources:
IDD NL 17(2):26, 2001
IDD NL 12(4):63, 1996
ICCIDD Water Iodization Study (1997).
IDD NL 10(3):30, 1994 |
