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Current Iodine Deficiency Disorder Situation
Population
Population: 16.07 million
Population growth rate: 0.53%
Population < 15 years: 18.3%
Birth rate: 11.58 per 1000
Life expectancy at birth: 78.58 years
Infant mortality: 4.31 per 1000
Prevalence of Goiter/ UIE
Median urinary iodine: 155 mcg/L.
ThyroMobil in 3 sites gave medians of 141-163 mcg I/L. Older reports gave studies from 1987-92 showing 60% of women and 35% of men excrete less than 100 mcg I/day. The median urinary iodine excretion varied in different areas between 96 mcg/d up to 138 mcg/dl.
Surveys conducted in 1980's indicated that the prevalence of goiter was 35% (women) and 18% (men). ThyroMobil (1995) did not find prevalence > 5%.
Iodized salt Coverage
Household iodized salt use: 65-70%
Salt Situation Analysis Production
No information; probably from neighboring countries.
Consumption
- Estimated daily per capita salt consumption: no data.
- Estimated % of all salt consumed by people which is adequately iodized (household level): ~ 65-70%
Iodine Procurement and Utilization
KI at 50 ppm.
Salt is iodized for household use; sources vary, from 20 ppm to 50 ppm as KI; baker salt has been listed as 45-85 ppm; use is voluntary, estimated that coverage is about 65-70% of the population. The country is corporate headquarters for large international salt companies.
Universal Salt Iodization Program
Information, Education, Communication (IEC) Activities
Legislation
- Legislation: Use of iodized salt for table and bread is voluntary.
- Legislation for Animals: none.
- Year Enacted: 1968
Program Monitoring and Evaluation
None, no government program. Several academic centers are quite active in assessment and advocacy thus data from occasional research studies.
Other Interventions
None
Key Lessons Learned
Challenges and Constraints
Future Plans for Sustained IDD Elimination
Sources:
IDD NL 18(4):54, 2002
Delange et al., Eur J Endocrinol 136:180, 1997
IDD NL 9(1):9, 1993
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