|
Current Iodine Deficiency Disorder Situation
Population
Population: 10.3 million
Population growth rate: 2.7%
Population < 15 years: 48 %
Birth rate: 50 per 1000
Life expectancy at birth: 42 years
Infant mortality: 123 per 1000
Prevalence of Goiter/ UIE
Median urinary iodine: 54 mcg/L, limited survey (2001); 270 mcg/L (1998).
A 1994 survey of 8,933 schoolchildren, aged 10-15 reported total goiter rate of 35.8%, visible goiter 5.7%, ranging from 21% in Niamey to 44% at Dosso and Tahoua. Urinary iodines from 795 pupils gave a median of 34 mcg/L, range 10 to 940; 90% < 100 mcg/L, 69% < 50 mcg/L, and 27% < 20 mcg/L.
A 1998 survey two years after introduction of iodized salt assessed 944 students from 237 primary schools in eight divisions of the country. Median urinary iodine was 270 mcg/L. Some medians were 796 mcg/L (Diffa), 680 mcg/L ( Niamey ), 450 mcg/L (Tillabery), 405 mcg/L (Dosso), 220 mcg/L (Maradi), 170 mcg/L (Tahoua), 120 mcg/L (Zinder), and 116 mcg/L (Agadez). The total goiter rate was 20.4%. The visible goiter was 1.4%.
The ThyroMobil visited selected sites in 2001. Data have not yet been completely analyzed but the median urinary iodine excretion was 54 mcg/L, in sharp contrast to the 1998 data. Further analysis is needed.
Iodized salt C overage
Household iodized salt use: 44%
Salt Situation Analysis Production
Most salt imported from Senegal and Ghana . Small artisan producers but more data is not known.
Consumption
- Estimated daily per capita salt consumption: no data
- Estimated % of all salt consumed by people which is adequately iodized (household level): 44.2%
Iodine Procurement and Utilization
KIO3, 80-100 ppm
Universal Salt Iodization Program
Information, Education, Communication (IEC) Activities
Legislation
- Legislation: Yes; interministerial decree, details not known. Legislation for Animals: No data
- Year Enacted: 1996
Program Monitoring and Evaluation
Ministry of Health is responsible. Urinary iodine is measured in IDD laboratories under the directors of health.
The 2000 MICS draft report describes monitoring by test kit, with cutoff of 25 ppm.
Other Interventions
None known
Key Lessons Learned
Challenges and Constraints
Future Plans for Sustained IDD Elimination
Sources:
IDD NL 18(1):3-4, 2002
IDD NL 16(2):27, 2000
|
